[Developmental effects of TCIPP and TnBP on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos].

Objective: To investigate the toxicity of tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) and tributyl phosphate (TnBP) on the growth and development of zebrafish embryos, as well as to explore the underlying mechanisms at the transcriptional level. Methods: With zebrafish as a model, two hpf zebrafish embryos were exposed to TCIPP and TnBP (0.1, 1, 10, 100, 500, and 1 000 µmol/L) using the semi-static method, and their rates of lethality and hatchability were determined. The transcriptome changes of 120 hpf juvenile zebrafish exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of 0.1 and 1 µmol/L were measured. Results: The 50% lethal concentrations (LC50) of TCIPP and TnBP for zebrafish embryos were 155.30 and 27.62 µmol/L (96 hpf), 156.5 and 26.05 µmol/L (120 hpf), respectively. The 72 hpf hatching rates of TCIPP (100 µmol/L) and TnBP (10 µmol/L) were (23.33±7.72)% and (91.67±2.97)%, which were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P<0.05). Transcriptome analysis showed that TnBP had more differential genes (DEGs) than TCIPP, with a dose-response relationship. These DEGs were enriched in 32 pathways in total, including those involved in oxidative stress, energy metabolism, lipid metabolism, and nuclear receptor-related pathways, using the IPA pathway analysis. Among them, three enriched pathways overlapped between TCIPP and TnBP, including TR/RXR activation and CAR/RXR activation. Additionally, DEGs were also mapped onto pathways of LXR/RXR activation and oxidative stress for TnBP exposure only. Conclusion: Both TCIPP and TnBP have growth and developmental toxicities in zebrafish embryos, with distinct biomolecular mechanisms, and TnBP has a stronger effect than TCIPP.

[Epidemiological investigation on allergic diseases related to animal dander of cats, dogs and horses].

Objective: A multicenter Chinese mainland survey was conducted to investigate the sensitization distribution characteristics of cat, dog and horse dander in patients with allergic diseases, so as to provide clinicians with epidemiological data of common animal allergens and useful information for the prevention and treatment of allergies in cats, dogs and horses. Methods: The epidemiological investigation and design was adopted. This study is based on the national epidemiological survey of allergic diseases led by the first affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. From January to December in 2021, a total of 2 122 patients diagnosed with allergic diseases were included in the outpatient department of respiratory department/pediatrics/allergy department of 14 units such as the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, and 222 healthy subjects were included as controls from the physical examination center of the above units in the same period. All the subjects filled out the allergic disease questionnaire under the guidance of doctors, and the allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) of cats, dogs and horses of all subjects were detected by magnetic particle chemiluminescence system. The epidemiological characteristics of three animal allergens in different diseases, ages and regions were analyzed. Chi square test was used to analyze the frequency difference between groups, t test or Mann Whitney U test was used to test the distribution difference between two groups, and one-way ANOVA or Kruskal Wallis H test was used to compare the distribution difference between multiple groups. Bar chart, Venn-plot and radar chart were drawn to show the sensitization distribution characteristics. A small number of missing values caused by subjects' omission have been excluded during the analysis. Results: The 2 122 patients with allergic diseases were 57.35% male (1 217/2 122) and 40.95% female (869/2 122), and 1.70% (36/2 122) patients had loss of gender information. The age of patients with allergic diseases was 9.0 (6.0, 28.0) years, while that of healthy controls was 29.0 (13.0, 39.0) years old, and there were 1.7% (36/2 122) and 0.9% (2/222) subjects with missing age information, respectively. The proportion of caesarean section in allergic patients was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (31.4% vs. 17.6%,χ2=16.582,P<0.001) [2.5% (54/2 122) of the patient group and 5.4% (12/222) of the control group had missing birth mode information], and the proportion of patients with allergic diseases who reported that both parents had allergic diseases was significantly higher than that of the control group (35.7% vs. 9.5%, χ2=65.171,P<0.001). Patients with allergic diseases are mainly school-age (6-12 years old) and adolescents (12-18 years old). 16.4% of patients with allergic diseases were sensitized to cat dander, 10% and 6% to dog and horse dander. The sensitization rate of cat dander in patients with rhinitis, asthma, conjunctivitis, food allergy and atopic dermatitis was the highest (16.4%-21.6%), followed by dog dander (10.2%-15.2%). The prevalence of allergic rhinitis was the highest among different animal sensitized populations. The proportion of cat, dog and horse allergens sensitized at the same time is between 10%-15%, and the proportion of any two or more animal dander sensitized at the same time is about 45%. Animal allergens are associated with respiratory allergic diseases, especially allergic rhinitis with allergic conjunctivitis. There were significant differences in the distribution of positive rates of three animal allergens in different regions, and the highest positive rate of cat dander was found in all provinces of the country. Conclusion: The sensitization rate of animal dander allergens increased significantly, and the highest was in children and adolescents. Cat dander is the most common animal allergen, followed by dog. Different animals show obvious cross or common sensitization due to their high homology.

Application of Anlotinib Combined With Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Primary EWS/PNET of Lung: A Case Report.

Primary pulmonary EWS/PNET(PPES) is extremely rare and is associated with a poor prognosis. Tumor angiogenesis plays an important role in tumor, so it has become a hot topic in molecular targeted therapy. Anlotinib is a new oral small molecular multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor. This report describes a 20 year-old man with PPES. After 4 neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles (VACwith alternating IE) combined with anlotinib, the left total pneumonectomy was performed. Then maintenance anlotinib monotherapy was continued, no sign of recurrence to date as an outcome. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of anlotinib combined with neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy in PPES.

LINC00346 accelerates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via competitively binding to miRNA-101-5p/MMP9.

The article "LINC00346 accelerates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via competitively binding to miRNA-101-5p/MMP9, by W.-H. Tong, J.-F. Mu, S.-P. Zhang, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2020; 24 (12): 6639-6646-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202006_21650-PMID: 32633353" has been withdrawn from the authors since they decided to perform further experiments. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/21650.

[COVID-19 epidemic and its characteristics in Heilongjiang province].

Objective: To describe the COVID-19 epidemic and its characteristics in Heilongjiang province, and provide evidence for the further prevention and control of COVID-19 in the province. Methods: The information of COVID-19 cases and clusters were collected from national notifiable disease report system and management information system for reporting public health emergencies of China CDC. The Software's of Excel 2010 and SPSS 23.0 were applied for data cleaning and statistical analysis on the population, time and area distributions of COVID-19 cases. Results: On January 22, 2020, the first confirmed case of COVID-19 was reported in Heilongjiang. By March 11, 2020, a total of 482 cases domestic case of COVID-19, The incidence rate was 1.28/100 000, the mortality rate was 2.70% (13/482) in 13 municipalities in Heilongjiang. There were 81 clusters of COVID-19, The number of confirmed cases accounted for 79.25% (382/482) of the total confirmed cases and 12 cases of deaths. The family clusters accounted for 86.42% (70/81). Compared with the sporadic cases, the mortality rate, proportion of elderly cases aged 60 or above and severe or critical cases of clinical classification were all higher in the clusters especially the family clusters, but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). There were 34 clusters involving more than 5 confirmed cases accounted for 41.98% (34/81) of the total clusters, the involved cases accounted for 68.31% (261/382) of the total cases of clusters. There were significant differences in age distribution of the cases among the case clusters with different case numbers. In the clusters involving 6-9 cases, the proportion of cases aged 65 years or above was more (26.53%, 39/147). Conclusions: The incidence rate of COVID-19 was relatively high and the early epidemic was serious in Heilongjiang, The number of cases was large in clusters especially family clusters.

LncRNA LncOGD-1006 alleviates OGD-induced ischemic brain injury regulating apoptosis through miR-184-5p/CAAP1 axis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the effect of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) LncOGD-1006 to ischemic stroke and the possible mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The primary brain microvascular endothelial cells (bEnd.3) of oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was used as a mimic of ischemic stroke in vitro. RESULTS: The results showed that LncOGD-1006 was upregulated in bEnd.3 after OGD-induced. CONCLUSIONS: LncOGD-1006 might act as a ceRNA to inhibit apoptosis in bEnd.3 cells by targeting miR-184-5p/CAAP1 pathway.

LINC00346 accelerates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via competitively binding to miRNA-101-5p/MMP9.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the promotive effect of LINC00346 on the malignant progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) by mediating miRNA-101-5p/MMP9 axis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Expression pattern of LINC00346 in 46 paired CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues was determined by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Correlation between LINC00346 level and prognosis of CRC patients was analyzed, and the LINC00346 level in CRC cell lines was examined as well. Subsequently, potential influences of LINC00346 on cellular behaviors of CRC cells were evaluated through cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assays. Finally, Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to verify the binding relationship between LINC00346 and miRNA-101-5p/MMP9. RESULTS: LINC00346 was upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. Compared with CRC patients with low level of LINC00346, those with high level suffered a poorer prognosis, and higher metastatic rates (lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis). Transfection of sh-LINC00346 attenuated proliferative, migratory, and invasive abilities of CRC cells. In addition, LINC00346 was confirmed to bind to miRNA-101-5p, and the latter was binding to MMP9. Moreover, the overexpression of miRNA-101-5p decreased colony number, viability, and numbers of migratory and invasive cells. CONCLUSIONS: LINC00346 is upregulated in CRC and correlated with metastasis and poor prognosis of CRC. LINC00346 accelerates the malignant progression of CRC via targeting miRNA-101-5p/MMP9.

[Relative factors and follow up research of asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head].

Objective: To evaluate the progress and influence factors of asymptomatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH). Methods: MRI was performed on the contralateral hips of 174 patients with unilateral symptomatic ONFH who admitted at Department of Orthopaedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2012 to December 2018. Eighty-three of 174 patients with unilateral ONFH were found suffering from contralateral ONFH(47.7%), of which 77 patients were followed up.There were 28 males and 49 females with age of 48.6 years (range: 21-73 years). The pathogenesis, ARCO classfication, areas and position of osteonecrosis were collected.Independent sample t test, χ(2) test, Fisher exact test, multivariate Logistic regression were used to analyze the potential influence factors. Results: Patients were followed up for 36.7 months. During the following up period, ARCO classification of 28 patients (36.4%) progressed.The progress of asymptomatic ONFH was not related to the gender, age and original ARCO classification, but related to the pathogenesis, position and area of osteonecrosis (all P<0.05). Conclusion: The progress of asymptomatic osteonecrosis is related to the pathogenesis, position and area of osteonecrosis,but most of asymptomatic ONFH will not progress.

MiR-21-5p enhances the progression and paclitaxel resistance in drug-resistant breast cancer cell lines by targeting PDCD4.

MiR-21-5p has been identified as an oncogene to enhance human tumor progression. Here, we explored the mechanism by which miR-21-5p regulated the progression and paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in drug-resistant breast cancer (BC) cell lines. qRT-PCR assays were used to assess the expression levels of miR-21-5p and PDCD4 mRNA, and western blotting was used to detect PDCD4 protein level in PTX-resistant BC cell lines. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to observe the interaction between miR-21-5p and PDCD4 in PTX-resistant BC cell lines. Cell proliferation ability and IC50 values of PTX were measured by CCK-8 assay, cell cycle progression and apoptosis were determined with flow cytometry analysis, and cell migration and invasion capacities were analyzed using Transwell assay. Xenograft mice assay was used to validate the important role of miR-21-5p as a regulator on PTX-resistance BC cells growth in vivo. Then, we found that miR-21-5p was upregulated and PDCD4 was downregulated in BC tissues and PTX-resistant BC cell lines. MiR-21-5p silencing or PDCD4 overexpression ameliorated PTX resistance and inhibited the progression in PTX-resistant BC cell lines. Moreover, PDCD4 was demonstrated to be a direct target of miR-21-5p. MiR-21-5p exerted its regulatory effect by PDCD4 in PTX-resistant BC cell lines. Additionally, miR-21-5p silencing inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Therefore, our study demonstrated that miR-21-5p silencing ameliorated PTX resistance and inhibited the progression in PTX-resistant BC cell lines at least partly by targeting PDCD4, providing miR-21-5p as an effective therapeutic target for PTX-resistant BC treatment.

Significance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in limb salvage treatment of osteosarcoma and its effect on GLS1 expression.

OBJECTIVE: We examined the clinical significance of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) in limb salvage treatment of osteosarcoma and its effect on the Glutaminase 1 gene (GLS1) expression. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 278 patients admitted to Qianfoshan Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University with osteosarcoma were randomly divided into the study group and the control group. Patients in the study group had 3-4 courses of cisplatin, ifosfamide, and adriamycin (DIA) chemotherapy before surgical excision, while no chemotherapy was used in the control group before the surgery. RESULTS: GLS1 expression in the study group decreased, the difference showed statistical significance compared with that of the control group (p<0.05). The median survival time of the study group was 48.4±19.7 months while in the control group was 42.4±11.2. The overall survival time of study group was 58.5±15.2 months, which was significantly higher than control 49.4±10.7 (p<0.05). The higher GLS1 expression in osteosarcoma was, the shorter the patients' survival time would be. CONCLUSIONS: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy performed before surgery could significantly decrease the GLS1 expression in osteosarcoma, effectively improving limb salvage treatment of osteosarcoma. The higher the GLS1 expression was, the shorter the patients' survival time would be.

Comparative study on the photoluminescence properties of monoclinic and cubic erbium oxide.

As a heavy rare earth oxide, erbium oxide (Er2O3) has many attractive properties. Monoclinic Er2O3 has useful properties not found in stable cubic Er2O3, such as unique optical properties and high radiation damage tolerance. In this study, pure cubic and mixed phase of cubic and monoclinic Er2O3 coatings were prepared. Photoluminescence properties of these coatings were characterized by a confocal micro-Raman spectrometer equipped with 325, 473, 514, 532, 633 nm lasers, and the influence of microstructure on the fluorescence properties was analyzed in detail. The room temperature fluorescence peaks of cubic Er2O3 were assigned. Furthermore, a novel method for rapid phase identification of Er3+ doped cubic and monoclinic rare earth sesquioxides at room temperature was proposed.

[Analysis of Forensic Identification on 32 Cases of Lumbar Spondylolysis].

OBJECTIVES: To explore the casual relationship and the significance of identification among the injury, disease and damage consequence in the disability evaluation of lumbar spondylolysis by the standard for identifying grading of disability caused by work-related injuries. METHODS: The general data, injury manner, clinical treatment and the imaging examination of 32 lumbar spondylolysis cases were collected and retrospectively analyzed. According to the degree of participation in the injury and damage consequence, the identification and assessment of casual relationship was made, and the grading of disability was assessed. RESULTS: For 32 cases, injury had no effect on damage consequence in 7 cases, slight effect in 5 cases, secondary effect in 13 cases, equivalent effect in 4 cases, and complete effect in 3 cases. According to the related items in the standard for identifying grading of disability caused by work-related injuries, 3 cases were rated level 7, 5 cases were level 8, 6 cases were level 9, 11 cases were level 11 among the cases which existed causal relationship. CONCLUSIONS: The formation of lumbar spondylolysis is connected to the factors of age, anatomy, occupation and injury manner etc. The degree of disability should be accessed comprehensively after the analysis of the casual relationship among the injury, disease and damage consequence.

Molecular mapping and candidate gene analysis for resistance to powdery mildew in Cucumis sativus stem.

Powdery mildew (PM) of cucumber (Cucumis sativus), caused by Podosphaera xanthii, is a major foliar disease worldwide and resistance is one of the main objectives in cucumber breeding programs. The resistance to PM in cucumber stem is important to the resistance for the whole plant. In this study, genetic analysis and gene mapping were implemented with cucumber inbred lines NCG-122 (with resistance to PM in the stem) and NCG-121 (with susceptibility in the stem). Genetic analysis showed that resistance to PM in the stem of NCG-122 was qualitative and controlled by a single-recessive nuclear gene (pm-s). Susceptibility was dominant to resistance. In the initial genetic mapping of the pm-s gene, 10 SSR markers were discovered to be linked to pm-s, which was mapped to chromosome 5 (Chr.5) of cucumber. The pm-s gene's closest flanking markers were SSR20486 and SSR06184/SSR13237 with genetic distances of 0.9 and 1.8 cM, respectively. One hundred and fifty-seven pairs of new SSR primers were exploited by the sequence information in the initial mapping region of pm-s. The analysis on the F2 mapping population using the new molecular markers showed that 17 SSR markers were confirmed to be linked to the pm-s gene. The two closest flanking markers, pmSSR27and pmSSR17, were 0.1 and 0.7 cM from pm-s, respectively, confirming the location of this gene on Chr.5. The physical length of the genomic region containing pm-s was 135.7 kb harboring 21 predicted genes. Among these genes, the gene Csa5G623470 annotated as encoding Mlo-related protein was defined as the most probable candidate gene for the pm-s. The results of this study will provide a basis for marker-assisted selection, and make the benefit for the cloning of the resistance gene.

Time-lapse observation and transcriptome analysis of a case with repeated multiple pronuclei after IVF/ICSI.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the cause of repeated multipronucleus (MPN) formation in zygotes in a patient after both in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). METHOD: This is a case study. A patient had unexplained primary infertility with recurring total MPN zygotes after IVF and ICSI cycles. Time-lapse monitoring of pronucleus formation was carried out. Embryos developed from MPN zygotes were analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Single-cell RNA-seq analysis was used to identify gene expression profiles of the patient's oocyte and zygote, and these were compared to the data from oocytes and zygotes from donors with normal fertilization (patient, n = 1; donors, n = 4). Oocyte-specific genes with differential expression were selected by the Amazonia! RESULTS: From time-lapse analysis, we observed the formation of multiple micronuclei near the site of the second polar body extrusion. These micronuclei migrated, expanded, and juxtaposed with the male pronucleus leading to a multipronucleus. None of these MPN zygotes could develop to the blastocyst stage, and FISH analysis revealed a chaotic chromosomal complement in the arrested embryos. RNA-seq analysis showed 113 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the patient and the donor oocytes and zygotes. Moreover, 25 of the 113 DEGs were unique or highly expressed in oocytes and early embryos. From 25 DEGs, three genes, DYNC2LI1, NEK2, and CCNH, which are involved in meiosis and the chromosome separation process, were further validated by real-time PCR. CONCLUSION: We identified several candidate genes affecting pronucleus formation as a new cause of infertility.

[Relationship between exposure to air pollutants during pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy and birth defects in Xi'an, 2013-2015: a case crossover study].

Objective: To understand the levels of exposure to traffic-related air pollutants including nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), PM(10) and PM(2.5), and the relationship between the exposure to air pollutants during pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy and birth defects. Methods: Data on air pollution and birth defects from 2013 to 2015 was collected. A case-crossover design was employed to analyze the exposure-response relationship between traffic-related air pollutants and birth defects. Results: A total of 4 235 pregnant women were studied. During the study period, the daily average concentrations of ambient NO(2), PM(10) and PM(2.5) appeared as 60.83 µg/m(3), 104.94 µg/m(3) and 103.88 µg/m(3), respectively, with the concentration of PM(2.5) larger than the 2(nd) version of Standard National Ambient Air Quality Standard. In addition, there were strong correlations seen between each of the pollutants (P<0.01). After adjustment for the influence of meteorological factors, it was found that the exposure to high level of NO(2) and PM(10) during pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy increased the risk on birth defects (P<0.05). Conclusion: Levels of exposure to adverse environmental factors during pre- pregnancy or early pregnancy could increase the risk of birth defects, suggesting that in these sensitive periods, women should try to avoid being exposed to high concentration of traffic-related air pollutants as NO(2), PM(10) etc. in order to reduce the risk of birth defects.

Primary presacral adenocarcinoma: a case report and review of the literature.

Primary presacral adenocarcinoma is a rare presacral lesion. We report a 36-year-old male patient with -primary presacral adenocarcinoma. The patient presented with a six-month history of sacrococcygeal pain. MRI demonstrated a 4×3 cm2, well-defined presacral mass. He underwent a parasacrococcygeal procedure with complete resection of the -tumor, which subsequent histology showed adenocarcinoma. At 15 months follow-up, he remains disease free.

Cleavage pattern predicts developmental potential of day 3 human embryos produced by IVF.

Time-lapse technique provides opportunities to observe the dynamic process of human early development. Previous studies have suggested several abnormal division patterns were associated with decreased developmental potential, but no systematic results are currently available. In this study, seven abnormal division patterns were observed during early cleavage, and these had different effects on the further development potential of daughter blastomeres. According to the severity and occurrence of abnormal division patterns during the initial three cleavages, an embryo hierarchical classification model was developed and day 3 embryos were classified into six grades (from A to F). The good-quality blastocyst formation rate for these grades decreased from 70.8-3.8% (P < 0.001). In a prospective observational study, 139 IVF cycles were recruited to assess the efficiency of this classification model. In the embryos that had confirmed implantation results, the implantation rate decreased from 67.0% (Grade A) to 0% (Grade D;P < 0.001). These results indicated that cleavage patterns can predict the developmental potential of day 3 human embryos.